Showing posts with label FoxPro. Show all posts
Showing posts with label FoxPro. Show all posts
FoxPro : LIST and DISPLAY
For
show what is stored in database file there are two commands used in FoxPro-
1.
LIST 2. DISPLAY
LIST:
LIST provides facility to show all the
records available in database file continuously. We also use LIST command to
show the specific record only according to given condition and with specified
field only
Syntax: LIST [field1,field2…fieldn] FOR (expressions)
Ex:
LIST (Show
all the records continuously)
LIST FOR NAME=”Tony” (Show only record related to name
Toney)
LIST
FOR ROLL>80 (Show records which ROLL is greater than
80)
LIST FIELDS NAME, ROLL FOR PIN=803213
(show record with field NAME and
ROLL
which PIN =803213)
Note: 1. expression may be mathematical and logical
2. In expression character data
is enclosed inside (“ “or ‘ ‘ or [ ])
DISPLAY:
DISPLAY command is other variant of LIST command that is worked something same
as LIST command. Simple DISPLAY command show the current record only where
pointer is pointed. Pointer is controlled with GOTO command.
Actually DISPLAY ALL is equal to LIST
but major difference between LIST and DISPLAY ALL is LIST show all record
continuously where DISPLAY Pause when screen is fill with record and prompt and
ask “press any key to continue..”
Syntax: DISPLAY [field1,field2…fieldn] FOR
(expressions)
EX:
USE
ADDRESS (Before
using DISPLAY command it is necessary)
DISPLAY ALL (Display all record and prompt for “press
any key
to continue”)
DISPLAY
FOR name=”Tony” (Display all record that have name Tony)
DISPLAY
ALL
FIELDS NAME, CITY, MOB FOR
PIN=803213 (show record with field NAME, CITY,
MOB which has PIN=803213)
GOTO
5 (GOTO
command is used to set the pointer to record 5)
DISPLAY (Display
record 5 only)
DISPLAY NEXT 3 (Display
Record 5, 7 and 8)
Note:
· OFF
clause can be included with DISPLAY and LIST command that hide the external
Record # field on screen
· We can print the record directly with just
adding TO PRINTER clause with LIST or DISPLAY
Command.
Ex:
DISPLAY ALL TO PRINTER (It print the whole record and display
it on screen)
LIST TO PRINTER (It print the whole record and display
it on screen)
USE command is used to specify on which Database file we are going to
perform task.
GOTO command is used to set the pointer of record at specified record
number.
Syntax: GOTO TOP or
BOTTOM or [record no]
SET HEADING ON/OFF is used to
hide or show the field name from list on screen.
SET STATUS ON/OFF command is used to turn on or off the status bar. Status
bar situated at
bottom side off window. It show the
name of open file and pointer of record.
SET DEFAULT provide facility to set the default directory
to store files
Ex:
SET
DEFAULT TO D: (Set
the Defalut Directory D:)
SET
DEFAULT TO D:\FOX (Set the
Defalut Directory Fox under disk drive D:)
CLOSEing the database and FoxPro Windows
QUIT
CLOSE DATABASE is used when we want to close the open
database files.
CLOSE ALL is used to close all the open Database files
as well as indexes and other open file.
·
To
exit form Fox pro window do on of the
following-
a.
File
menu-Exit option.
b.
Type
QUIT in Command window.
QUIT
command is used to close open window of FoxPro.
Creating a Database File
Before Creating Database in fox pro we should understand
Data type. Various type of data type used according to requirement-
Data type
|
Size (bytes)
|
Description
|
Range
|
Character
|
1 to 254
|
Any Characters and text abb- C
|
ex- a-z, ?, # etc
|
Numeric
|
1 to 20
|
Integer and fraction , abb.-N
|
- .9999999999E+19 to .9999999999E+20
|
Currency
|
8 bytes
|
Amounts, abb.- Y
|
- 922337203685477.5807 to 922337203685477.5807
|
Date
|
8 bytes
|
Date entry, Abb.- D
|
|
Datetime
|
8 bytes
|
Date with time, Abb.- T
|
Time in 00:00:00 to 11:59:59
|
Logical
|
1 bytes
|
Logical entry, Abb.-L
|
Only .T. and .F.
|
Double
|
8 bytes
|
More accurate with fraction, abb.-B
|
- .9999999999E+19 to .9999999999E+20
|
Integer
|
4 bytes
|
Space saver data type for numeric, abb.- I
|
-2,147,483,647 to 2,147,483,647
|
Float
|
1-20
|
Same as numeric, abb-F
|
- .9999999999E+19 to .9999999999E+20
|
Memo
|
4 bytes
|
Used to store more information in foxpro it is not saved in dbf file.
It is saved seperatly in FPT file, abb.-My name
|
Any text, symbol
|
General
|
4 bytes
|
Closely same as memo and its content is housed iin FPT file, abb- G
|
Any OLE document
|
Principal file types related to database-
1.
DBF-( Database file)
it is primary extension of foxpro. It is main storage file of database.
2.
DBC- (Database
container) Contains information aobut data file indexes, relationaships and
other aspects of a database. It is sometime called database dictionary.
3.
DCT- (Database
Container Text) stores the code and other text material for DBC file this is
not directly readable by FoxPro.
4.
FPT- (FoxPro Text)
it can store large quantities of text, picture.
Here general data of general field and memo fields are stored.
5.
CDX-(CompounD indeX)
Contain the indexes or DBF file.
6.
BAK- (BAcK up file)
it is created for DBF file.
7.
PRG- (PRoGram file)
it contain the source code of program
8.
SCX-(Screen File) it
store the form.
9.
FRX-(Report file) it
store the report.
Creating
Database
Ø There are two method to create database in
foxpro-
1.
Type CREATE in command window. in open box type file name -- ok
2.
File menu—New-
-A box will open here select Table/DBF
radio button
-ok
·
In
both case a box will open –
·
Here
define the structure according to requirement- Such as field name data type
it’s range
Field Name
|
Data type
|
Width
|
Name
|
Character
|
20
|
Location
|
Character
|
15
|
Address
|
Character
|
15
|
PIN
|
Character
|
8
|
Mob
|
Character
|
10
|
·
Ok
·
A
box will appear that say input record or not choose yes
·
A
window will appear hear each field name will show in separate row
·
Fill
the record one by one
·
When
finish press Esc button
Name
|
Location
|
Address
|
PIN
|
Mob
|
Tony
|
Station road
|
Barh
|
803213
|
98765778
|
Pyush
|
Bedhna
|
Barh
|
803213
|
99766666
|
Swati
|
Station road
|
Barh
|
876655
|
99877666
|
Kundan
|
GulabBagh
|
Mokama
|
876555
|
08877666
|
Nitish
|
Fathuha
|
Patna
|
876555
|
98766666
|
Note :
1.
don’t
use Numeric type data when not necessary, such as In PIN we can use Number data type but it
require more space in memory hence character is used.
2.
When
we use file menu – new then file will created with untitled.dbf
extension
Command:
1. CREATE: it provide facility to define structure of Database file.
Syntax: CREATE <Path with file name>
Ex:
CREATE address.dbf (create database file address in
current directory)
CREATE d:\address.dbf (create database
file in d: drive)
CREATE d:\my\address.dbf (create database file in directory of
drive d:)
FoxPro 2.6 : Introduction
Fox pro is one of the best Data base Management Software (DBMS) application for PC.- First DBMS for the PC was developed by ASSTON-TATE in 1979-80 that was called dBASE II. Then the company introduced the updated version of dBASE II in 1984 that was called dBASE III. Later company was developed enhanced version of dBASE III called dBASE III plus.
- Arround 1990, Fox Software, Inc. developed a new Programming language FoxBASE become the another very popular DBMS software and share DBMS market with dBASE. FoxBASE was next reanamed as FoxPro and updated for most powerful it was compatible with dBASE III and very userfriendly.
- FoxPro is not only DBMS but more than it and popularly called RDBMS package.
- Initially it was developed for DOS based environment. But after version 2.6 it is also available for windows and other enviornmet.
- Around 1992, Fox Software, Inc. was merged with Microsoft Corporation and released FoxPro 2.6. Soon Microsoft update it and renamed as Visual FoxPro (VFP). Microsoft next released many version some of them are- VFP 5.0, VFP 7.0, VFP 9.0. In 2007 Microsoft announced no anymore version of VFP will released next and development was closed. Latest version of VFP is Visual FoxPro 9.0.
- Using FoxPro we can easily handle Database of small organization or company.
System Requiremet for Fox Pro 2.5 and 2.6
- Processor- 80386 or above
- Memory- 3-4 MB
- Disk Space- 20 MB
- Operating System –Windows, Dos
- CD or FD Drive
Steps to Start
FoxPro
Version to Version Steps of launching FoxPro
may be changed but overall steps are following-
1.
Find the location
of directory where fox pro was installed-
A. DOS-
Ø
Use
CD command to find ex- type CD
C:\FOXPROW
Ø Type FoxPro and Enter
B. Windows-
Ø find the location using my computer
Ø double click on FOXPROW.exe
FoxPro 2.6 For Windows
FoxPro 2.5 For DOS
When
FoxPro window will open then it looks like above
Menu Bar (Pad) :
In any program many options and commands are available. All these
commands are grouped and menu and the place where all these are stay called
menu bar. In DOS based environment it is called Menu Pad. We use menu using
mouse or keyboard-
a.
To select menu form keyboard press ALT or
F10 button. then a character of menu will highlighted when we press this key
form keyboard that menu fly out will open. Such as when want to open File menu
we press ALT then F.
b.
To select menu from mouse move your mouse all
menu that want to open and then click.
Command
Window: In Fox pro Command Window is default available at right side. We
use it to entering the command and directly perform task instead of using mouse
and menu. It is faster way to perform operation. Mostly options can be handled
using command window but some are not performed through where some are not
performed using mouse.
Some time
Command Window not appear then use any of the following-
1.
Window menu- command
2.
Ctrl+F2
Status
Bar: Status Bar available at bottom of FoxPro window . it show the status
such as – EOF(End of File), Open database. It also display help about what task
performed by this command when cursor is placed on any option.
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